Innovative Soft Robot Mimics Sea Creatures to Transport Cargo
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Aquatic Robotics
Researchers have made significant strides in the development of miniature soft robots that can walk, roll, and carry loads. These innovations are inspired by aquatic creatures and operate using light and rotating magnetic fields. The rise of automation has led to the integration of robots and collaborative robots (cobots) in various sectors. While traditional robots are taking over repetitive tasks, cobots are designed to assist humans in performing their jobs more effectively without completely replacing them.
Earlier this year, I discussed advancements from Stanford University and the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) in creating a soft robot that combines the characteristics of conventional robots with enhanced agility and shape-shifting capabilities. This innovative robot can grab items and move in controlled directions.
Section 1.1: Advancements from Northwestern University
Building on this research, scientists at Northwestern University have introduced a cutting-edge soft robot capable of navigating tight spaces while picking up, transporting, and releasing objects on command. This robot, inspired by marine life, can walk at a human-like pace.
> “We have designed soft materials with molecular intelligence to enable them to behave like robots of any size and perform useful functions in tiny spaces, underwater or underground.”
> ~ Samuel I. Stupp, Lead Researcher
Subsection 1.1.1: Unique Composition and Functionality
According to their findings, this centimeter-sized robot, which is composed of 90% water, operates without complex hardware, hydraulics, or electricity. Measuring approximately 1 cm (0.4 in) in width and resembling an octopus, it can traverse through water thanks to its unique construction, primarily made of hydrogel and nickel nanowires, along with specially designed polymer molecules.
The research builds on previous work by the team lead in creating "robotic soft matter" that mimics living sea organisms. The newly developed material can walk at a speed comparable to humans, achieving roughly one step per second. Under normal conditions, it lies flat, but exposure to light transforms its embedded molecules into hydrophobic ones, enabling it to stand and repel water.
Section 1.2: Mechanisms of Movement
Once upright, the robot can be directed by a rotating magnetic field, which can be pre-programmed to guide it along a specific route. Achieving a human-like walking speed represents a significant advancement, especially since similar robots typically move much slower. Light acts as an ON-OFF switch for the robot; it can be easily deactivated by turning off the light and reactivated by combining light exposure with a magnetic field.
Chapter 2: Practical Applications and Future Prospects
The capabilities of these robots extend beyond mere demonstrations. They can efficiently carry objects by wrapping around them or attaching items to their backs before crawling. Upon reaching their destination, they can release their cargo either by flipping over or shaking it off.
Researchers envision a wide array of applications for this innovative technology, including facilitating chemical reactions, removing pollutants from water, and delivering medications within the body.
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The first video explores the capabilities of a tiny, caterpillar-like soft robot that can grab, roll, and degrade, demonstrating its potential in various applications.
The second video presents "The Crawli," a straightforward walking soft robot, showcasing its design and functionality in action.